Question B: Give short answers for the following questions.
i. How does
deforestation lead to desertification?
Answer:
Deforestation means cutting of trees and converting forests into
non-forest lands. In this way, with now trees on land, the biodiversity of the
area is disturbed resulting in minimal biodiversity and conversion of forest
lands into deserts.
ii. Why is it
important for a biologist to understand biological classification?
Answer:
Biological classification is aimed to make it easier for a biologist to
study and understand living organisms in a better way. It is very important for
a biologist to understand biological classification in order to study living
things properly in relation of similarities and differences with other
organisms. A biologist needs to have knowledge of classification system and
groups as to relate an organism with a specific taxon and to study its
characteristics.
iii. What is the
status of viruses in classification?
Answer:
Viruses are considered as infectious particles and on the boundary line
between living and non-living organisms. As they are considered as particles
not living organisms, viruses are not included in the classification system of
living organisms. Although, viruses are of different types and have their own
viral classifications system.
iv. How you can
differentiate between kingdom Monera and Protista?
Answer:
Kingdom Monera includes prokaryotic organisms which are unicellular or
colonial with no distinct membrane bounded organelles in their cells, e.g.,
Bacteria. While Kingdom Protista includes Eukaryotic organisms which are
unicellular or unicellular colonial organisms which do not make tissues, e.g.,
amoeba, paramecium, plasmodium etc.
v. List down the
endangered species of Pakistan and what are the reasons behind their population
decrease?
Answer:
Endangered species of Pakistan: In Pakistan animals like Houbara
bustard (talor) and Capra falconeri (markhor) while plants like yew,
chilghoza and sanobar are listed as endangered species.
Reasons behind their population decrease include
deforestation, overpopulation, overhunting and environmental pollution.
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